explanations vocabulary / grammar video show /hide
Hi, jetzt sind wir in Hamburg! = Hello, now we are in Hamburg!
hi = hi (in german it is slang, used by children and youngsters, but in general people use a lot of english words and expressions)
jetzt = now
in = in
Hamburg ist eine der 3 Städte, die gleichzeitig ein eigenes Bundesland sind. = Hamburg is one of three cities which are at the same time a federal state on their own.
gleichzeitig = at the same time
Stadt - Städte = city - cities
Wir haben Euch ja neulich von Berlin erzählt, da ist es so ähnlich. = Recently we have told you about Berlin, it' s a similar case.
wir = we
ja = normally means yes, but here it doesn' t mean anything, it is just un interjection
ähnlich = similar
Hamburg hat den größten Hafen Deutschlands, obwohl Hamburg gar nicht direkt am Meer liegt. = Hamburg has the most important harbour of Germany, although Hamburg is not situated by the sea.
puerto = harbour
der große Hafen - der größte Hafen = the big harbour - the biggest harbour
obwohl = although
liegen = here: to be situated
Aber fast! Hamburg liegt an der Elbe und die Elbe fließt von Hamburg aus direkt ins Meer. = But almost! Hamburg is situated at the border of the Elbe and the Elbe flows into the sea.
fast = almost
aber = but
Elbe = Elba (one of the most important rivers of Germany)
fließen = flow
In die Nordsee! = To North Sea!
Nordsee = North Sea!
Grammar: "The North Sea" is in this case a direct object, which depends on the verb 'fließen'. Verbs which
express a mouvement require a direct object. (Das Schiff ist in DER Nordsee but Der Fluss fließt in DIE Nordsee)
Danke! = Thanks!
Gerne, jederzeit! = Glady, at every time!
gerne = gladly
jederzeit = en cualquier momento at any moment (used that way it is not very common. What she wants to say is that at any time she would do it again.)
Willst du hier vielleicht weitermachen? = Do you want to continue?
machen = to do
weitermachen = to continue
Nö = no (nö is slang, used bey children and youngsters, normally it is nein)
Jetzt kommt das Wichtigste: Hamburg ist die Stadt, in der die Beatles angefangen haben. = Now the most important: Hamburg is the city where the Beatles started.
wichtig = important
das Wichtigste = the most important
anfangen = to start
angefangen = started
Ich dachte das war Liverpool? = I thought it was Liverpool?
denken - dachte = to think - thought
Grammar: dachte is a simple past / Imperfekt. In English there is a very clear difference between the simple
past and the present perfect. Simplyfying we can say that this difference doesn' t exist in German, bothe
tenses, the Imperfekt and the Perfekt are used the same way. For details seesimple past.
Nein, das war Hamburg. = No, it was Hamburg.
nein = no
sein - war = to be - was
Zwischen 1960 und 1962 haben die Beatles hier immer wieder auf der Reeperbahn gespielt, = Between 1960 and 1962 the Beatles played very often on the Reeperbahn.
spielen = hier: to play an instrument
immer wieder = again and again
Reeperbahn = a street in Hamburg, well known for its night live.
zwischen = between
Grammar: 'Haben gespielt' is a Perfect, a present perfect, although it is not used as in english, or, to
be more exact, only in theory it is used the same way. Only in the very few cases where there is a strong
relationship between an action ocurred in the past and the present of the speaker the Perfekt is compulsory
in German (Ich habe meinen Geldbeutel verloren <=> I have lost my purse, means: I have lost it, and the
consequences are still important for the present, because I am out of money. Ich verlor meinen Geldbeutel <=> I lost my money, means: It is not important at the moment of speaking, for example because I found it again. But this example can be misleading. It suggests that the Perfekt is used the same way as the present perfect and the simple past is used the same way as the Imperfekt. That' s not the case. Only if the effects of
an action happened in the past have a very strong influence on the present of the speaker, the use of the
Perfekt is compulsory. Normally it doesn' t make any difference, both tenses can be used in the same circunstances.)
als sie noch nicht so berühmt waren, mindestens hundert Mal. = when there were not as famous, at least one hundred times.
berühmt = famous
noch = yet
noch nicht = not yet
mindestens = at least
Aber das interessiert doch niemand! = But nobody cares about that!
aber = but
interessieren = to be interested in
Grammar: Niemand has an accusative form as well, niemanden, but this form is rarely used. Instead of
niemand you can say as well 'Aber das interessiert doch niemanden'.
Ach, was interessiert Dich denn an Hamburg? = Ah, and what you find interesting at Hamburg?
Grammar: Together with 'interessieren' the preposition an is used (an Hamburg). Prepositions are very
often completely arbitrary. For more information see prepositions.
Na, die geschichtliche und kulturelle Entwicklung natürlich! = Obviously the historical and cultural development!
Geschichte = history
geschichte = historical
Kultur = cultural
kulturelle = cultural
Entwicklung = development
Ach! Dann erzähl uns doch mal was über die geschichtliche und kulturelle Entwicklung von Hamburg! = Ah! In this case tell us something about the historical andn cultural development of Hamburg.
erzählen = to tell
dann = than
was = something
Na gut. Hamburg ist uralt, das gab es schon viel früher und Karl Lagerfeld kommst aus Hamburg. = Well. Hamburg is very old, it exists already for many years and Karl Lagerfeld is from Hamburg.
na gut = it' s alright
uralt = very old
früher = before
es gab = there were
Karl Lagerfeld = german fashion designer
Klar, Hamburg ist das Tor zur Welt. = Obviously, Hamburg is the gate to the world
sein - ist = to be - is
Tor = gate
Welt = world
zur (zu der) = to the (very often a preposition is combined with the article in german)
Aber eben nur das Tor! = But only the door!
aber = but
nur = only
Tor = gate
Und deshalb geht es nächstes Mal um Niedersachsen. = That' s way next time we are going to tell you something about Niedersachsen.
deshalb = that' s why
nächste = next
es geht = it is about
Mal = here time (nächstes Mal = next time, zweimal = two times etc.)
das nächste Mal = next time
Das ist das Bundesland, das quasi unten an Hamburg dranklebt. = Niedersachsen ist the federal state which is almost glued to Hamburg.
quasi = almost
kleben = to glue
drankleben = to glue something to something
drangeklebt = glued to
Tschüß !!! = see you later
Grammar: Tschüß belongs to the language of children and youngsters, but is used nowadays in every informal context.
2.2 German
does not always sound the same
How
something sounds, tastes or smells depend
also on the condition the thing is in this
particular moment. Sometimes one might feel
like having an apple and sometimes not.
And on top of this all apples taste different.
German sounds differently depending on who
is talking, a child, a man, a woman, depending
on the type of text and so on. Let's have
some examples.
German
spoken by kids
a kid says in ...
German: ene
dene dippe dene dippe dene dalia ebbe bebe
bembio bio bio puff
English: ene dene dippe
dene dippe dene dalia ebbe bebe bembio bio
bio puff
Ok, we admit that this was not German. It is more like
a universal language. Something that an English child
pronounces is probably quite the same a German or any
other child would pronounce.
But now a real German example:
The song of joy (by Friedrich Schiller*)
a)
sung by a girl
b) sung by a man
c)
recited by a woman
The text is the beginning of the famous Song of Joy
(Freude schöner Götterfunken). This song forms
part of the Ninth Symphony of Beethoven and was adopted
as the hymn of the European Union in 1986.
Freude schöner Götterfunken
Tochter aus Elysium
wir betreten feuertrunken himmlische dein Heiligtum
deine Zauber binden wieder
was die Mode streng geteilt
alle Menschen werden Brüder
wo dein sanfter Flügel weilt
Joy, Oh ! divine scintillation
Sparkling from Elysium,
With a cheerful animation
Goddess, to thy shrine we come.
These our nations once divided
Now your magic spells unite,
Where your wing does beat around them
Brotherhood and love delight.
* Friedrich Schiller (1759 - 1805), together with Goethe
the greatest German poet.
Another great poet of the German mother tongue is Rainer
Maria Rilke.
Und du wartest, erwartest das Eine,
das dein Leben unendlich vermehrt;
das Mächtige, Ungemeine,
das Erwachen der Steine,
Tiefen, dir zugekehrt.
You wait,
expect the one,
that enriches you life endlessly
the powerful, the mighty
the wakening of the stones
depths towards yourself
Es dämmern im Bücherständer
die Bände in Gold und Braun;
und du denkst an durchfahrene Länder,
an Bilder, an die Gewänder
wiederverlorener Fraun.
in the book shelf
the tomes in golden and brown doze
you think of lands you crossed
of pictures, of robes of
long lost women
Und da weißt du auf einmal: das war es.
Du erhebst dich, und vor dir steht
eines vergangenen Jahres
Angst und Gestalt und Gebet
And suddenly you know: that was it
you stand up and in front of you
stands the fear, the form and the prayer
of the last year.
This is our last example and we hope that we have
given you the understanding that sometimes even German
sounds beautiful. With this poem we would like to close
the introductory chapter. Like all the poems of Rilke
(1875-1926) this one is full of philosophical ideas
on the one side and little nothings on the other. But
in principle it expresses something we all know, the
never-ending search for something special.
Und du erwartest, erwartest das
Eine
das dein Leben unendlich vermehrt,
das Mächtige, Ungemeine,
das Erwachen der Steine,
Tiefen dir zugekehrt.
If we stop searching we stop to live and the content
people hopefully have found the beauty of this world.