| 15.3 Present perfect / Perfect |
The present perfect is a compound
tense that is formed with a modal verb and the perfect
participle.
| pronoun | modal verb | perfect participle |
| I | have | talked |
| you | have | talked |
| he | has | talked |
| we | have | talked |
| you | have | talked |
| they | have | talked |
Actually it works the same in other European languages (if you care to know):
| Spanish |
| Yo he venido. = I have
come. Yo he comprado una casa. = I have bought a house. |
| Italian |
| Io sono venuto. = I have
come Io ho comprato una casa. = I have bought a house. |
| French |
| Je suis venu. = I have
come. J´ai acheté une maison. = I have bought a house. |
The last two examples have
one thing more in common with German. They use different
modal verbs for different verb types. Participles of intransitive verbs
(the ones that don't need a direct object) are formed
with the verb to be. Participles of transitive verbs are formed with the verb to have.
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